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Next issue (October 2007)
Monographic section dedicated to
"Advanced Information Systems Project Management"


Upgrade, Vol. VIII, issue no. 4: cover page by Concha Arias Pérez, © ATI 2007


Vol. VIII, issue no. 4,

 
August 2007


Ambient Intelligence

 Published on behalf of CEPIS by Novática (ATI, Spain)

Contents
Editions in other languages

Guest Editors:

Julio Abascal-González, Alberto Lafuente-Rojo, Yang Cai, and Tom Gross

Contents
Editions of the monograph in other languages
  • Spanish, by Novática (full edition printed  -- already available--; summary and presentation online -- **already available**)


Editorial Team of Upgrade


Chief Editor: Llorenç Pagés-Casas, <pages AT ati DOT es>

Associate Editors:

François Louis Nicolet, <nicolet AT acm DOT org>; Roberto Carniel, <rcarniel AT dgt DOT uniud DOT it>;
Zakaria Maamar
, <Zakaria DOT Maamar AT zu DOT ac DOT ae>; Soraya Kouadri Mostéfaoui, <soraya DOT kouadrimostefaoui AT unifr DOT ch>, 
Rafael Fernández Calvo, <rfcalvo AT ati DOT es>.

(E-mail addresses written with anti-spamming disguise)

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CEPIS (Council of European Professional Informatics Societies) promotes Upgrade
UPENET (UPGRADE European NETwork), promoted by CEPIS
Novática, journal and magazine of ATI (Spain), publishes Upgrade
EUCIP: European Certification of Informatics Professionals
 


 Editorial Section

  Special Contribution
 
 Monograph

Ambient Intelligence
 
 UPENET
(
UPGRADE European NETwork)


A paper from the
 
British magazine ITNOW
CEPIS News

CEPIS Projects



Monograph:  Ambient Intelligence

Published on behalf of CEPIS
by Novática (ATI, Spain)
Guest Editors:
Julio Abascal-González, Alberto Lafuente-Rojo, Yang Cai, and Tom Gross

Editorial Section

Special Contribution

The Current State of European Co-operation in e-Skills and Related Matters for IT Star [PDF: 2 pages, 78 KB]
Geoff McMullen (President of CEPIS)
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Presentation
Ambient Intelligence today  [HTML] [PDF: 3 pages, 78 KB]
Julio Abascal-González, Alberto Lafuente-Rojo, Yang Cai, and Tom Gross
Abstract: The guest editors comment on the monograph of UPGRADE and Novática and briefly introduce the papers it consists of. A set of useful references about the matter is included too.

Ambient Intelligence: Chronicle of an Announced Technological Revolution [PDF: 5 pages, 110 KB]
Alberto Lafuente-Rojo, Julio Abascal-González, and Yang Cai
Abstract: Ambient intelligence (AmI) is an evolving discipline that requires multiple areas of computing science to converge. In order to allow AmI to penetrate our lives, important issues of both a technological and social nature must first be addressed. If AmI finally lives up to the challenge, our vision of computing will be changed forever. This paper presents an introduction to the current state-of-the-art, analysing the motivation behind AmI, its technological requirements, and addressing the main problems that need to be solved.

Ambient Intelligence at Home: Facts and Future [PDF: 6 pages, 180 KB]
Xavier Alaman-Roldán, Francisco Ballesteros-Cámara, José Bravo-Rodríguez, and Diego Fernández-Aparicio
Abstract: In this paper we firstly describe domotics as a well established technology, and then we present Ambient Intelligence(AmI) as its natural evolution. We then describe three examples of the current developments in Spain in the area of AmI applied to the smart home. The first example describes a prototype of a smart living room, being developed as part of the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Soluziona AmI Laboratory. The second shows an AmI environment based in a noveloperating system, specially designed in the Systems Lab of the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. The third example emphasisesthe technologies of identification (RFID and NFC) as applied to AmI in the Modelling Ambience Intelligence Groupof the Universidad de Castilla La Mancha.


Ambient Intelligence, from Vision to Reality. Perspective of a Telecom Operator [PDF: 6 pages, 130 KB]
Rodrigo González-Martínez
Abstract: This article, beginning with a brief introduction to Ambient Intelligence, focuses on the perspective of a telecom operator, particularly on Telefónica’s vision of the Digital Home. Digital Home is presented here as an element for filling out Ambient Intelligence, and some related concepts are also introduced. Next, a set of enabling technologies will be generically identified. These technologies will be the key for allowing the creation of Ambient Intelligence scenarios in the nearfuture. Finally, a series of innovative projects are presented currently under development and involved in Ambient Intelligence technologies and concepts.


A Middleware-based Approach for Context-aware Computing  [PDF: 6 pages, 93 KB]
Zigor Salvador-Artola, Mikel Larrea-Álava, Daniel Cascado-Caballero, José Luis Sevillano-Ramos, Roberto Casas-Nebra, and Álvaro Marco-Marco
Abstract: Ubiquitous computing environments integrate a large number of heterogeneous devices, which convey an increasing level of complexity when developing ubiquitous applications. A solution to this problem resorts to the use of a software abstraction layer, known as middleware, which encapsulates the underlying elements of the environment and offers unified and standardised access to applications which need to make use of the resources of the environment. Moreover, a middleware layer can also provide high-level built-in services, such as context management services.

Designing and Implementing Smart Spaces [PDF: 7 pages, 149 KB]
Erwin Aitenbichler, Fernando Lyardet, and
Max Mülhäuser
Abstract: The Mundo project at the Telecooperation Group is concerned with general models and architectures for ubiquitous computing. The Mundo Smart Environments system provides the necessary core services and tools to build applications for such environments. While the development of single services is common practice, the matter of how to coordinate services and how to make service bundles behave in a "smart" manner is still a research issue. We present a software development process for the systematic development of smart space applications. This process is supported by a set of common services and tools for modelling, inspection, debugging, testing, and rapid prototyping. We describe how these tools are applied in certain phases to support the process.

Ambient Media  [PDF: 6 pages, 92 KB]
Arthur Lugmayr
Abstract: Media stimulate human senses by using different kinds of technologies in many arbitrary forms. A few examples are television, printing, the Web, and magazines. Each of these examples has different underlying principles, technologies, and languages for transmitting information and interacting with the medium or with other humans. Today, ever more ubiquitous and pervasive technologies are available and act as a medium to interact and transmit information to humans. In this article, we present a new form of ambient media, where the media as such are embedded into the natural human environment. In simple terms, the article tries to answer the questions "What happens if the interface between the medium and the components of the natural environment continues to vanish; which technology is used, and how do humans respond to these trends". It is simply Ubimedia or Ambient Media.

Time, Space, Connection: Scaling Ambient Intelligence  [PDF: 6 pages, 126 KB]
Mirko Fetter and Tom Gross
Abstract: Ambient intelligence aims to improve users’ work and private life by analysing and adapting to the current situation with a special focus on the presence and activities of users. Technical progress provides increasingly improving mechanical and electronic support for precisely capturing and processing a vastly growing amount of data. At the same time adequately detecting the respective situation and related objective and subjective user needs remains a challenge. In this paper we discuss the design space for ambient intelligence by analysing three core dimensions of situations with users involved: time, space, and connections among users.



The Guest Editors

Julio Abascal-González,  B.S.D. in Physics (1978) and Ph.D in Informatics (1987), is a Professor in the Computer Architecture and Technology Department of the Universidad del País Vasco (UPV-EHU), Spain where he has worked since 1981. In 1985 he co-founded the Laboratory of Human-Computer Interaction for Special Needs. His current research activity is focused on ubiquitous, adaptive, and accessible user interfaces for intelligent environments. He is a member of the IFIP Technical Committee 13 on "Human Computer Interaction" and of the "Management Committee of COST 219 ter -Accessibility for All to Services and Terminals for Next Generation Networks". He has served as an adviser, reviewer, and evaluator on various EU research programmes. <julio.abascal@ehu.es>.

Alberto Lafuente-Rojo is an Associate Professor of Computer Science at the Universidad del País Vasco (UPV-EHU). He received his Ph.D. degree in Computer Science from the Universidad del País Vasco in 1989, and his MS degree in Computer Science from the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid in 1981. His research interests include distributed algorithms and systems, fault tolerance, and ubiquitous computing. <alberto.lafuente@ehu.es>.

Yang Cai is Director of Ambient Intelligence Lab and Senior Systems Scientist at the Institute of Complex Engineered Institute and Cylab, College of Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, where he teaches and studies Human Algorithms, Perceptual Computing and Innovation Process. He received his post doctorial education at Carnegie Mellon University. He holds a Ph.D. in Engineering from West Virginia University, USA, an MS in Management Engineering, and BS in Control Engineering from Zhejiang University, China. <ycai@cmu.edu>.

Tom Gross is an Associate Professor, chair of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), and Vice-Dean at the Faculty of Media of the Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Germany, and head of the Cooperative Media Lab (CML). His research interests include Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), and Ubiquitous Computing environments. In these areas he has published numerous articles in journals, conference proceedings, books, and book chapters. He has participated and coordinated activities in various national and international research projects on the concepts, implementations, and evaluation of cooperative applications and environments for teams and online communities for more than ten years now, and has been teaching at various universities around Europe. He is a member of the IFIP TC.13 on HCI and a member of the Steering Committee of CSCW of the GI; as well as sitting on programme and organization committees of various CSCW and HCI conferences (e.g. conference co-chair ACM GROUP 2007, and conference and programme committee chair of Mensch & Computer 2007). Before joining Bauhaus-Universität he has been visiting associate professor at the RWTH Aachen in Germany, senior researcher at the Fraunhofer FIT, and assistant professor at the Johannes Kepler Universität (JKU) Linz in Austria. He holds a diploma and a doctorate degree in Applied Computer Science from the JKU Linz, Austria. <tom.gross@medien.uni-weimar.de>.

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UP
ENET (UPGRADE European NETwork)
[PDF: 1 page, 68 KB]

From ITNOW (BCS, United Kingdom)
Social Impact of ICT
A-hunting we ... won't go
Andrew Skeates

This paper was first published, by ITNOW (Volume 49, issue # 5, September 2007, p. 16). ITNOW, a UPENET partner, is the member magazine for the British Computer Society (BCS), published, in English, by Oxford University Press on behalf of the BCS. To access the full September 2007 issue of ITNOW click here.

Abstract: In this paper the author asks whether the outright ban of the videogame Manhunt 2 was justified or just a knee jerk reaction.

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CEPIS NEWS [PDF: 2 pages, 73 KB

CEPIS Projects

CEPIS/Harmonise Newsletter
François-Philippe Draguet

EUCIP: News from across Europe
Neil Farren



Monograph: Ambient Intelligence

Presentation
Ambient Intelligence today
[PDF: 3 pages, 78 KB]
(includes a set of useful references about the matter)
Julio Abascal-González, Alberto Lafuente-Rojo, Yang Cai, and Tom Gross - Guest Editors

Ambient Intelligence (AmI) is a techno-scientific proposal aimed at creating "intelligent" environments which adapt to the needs, tastes, and interests of the people who
live within those environments, and help them carry out all kinds of tasks related to their daily life, work, leisure, etc.

The technology that will support these environments has been in the works for several years: wired and wireless networks, mobile and ubiquitous computing, new interaction devices, wearable modules, sensor networks, energy-efficient systems, etc. Nevertheless, a number of challenges are still to be met: miniaturization, autonomy, security, reliability, etc.

Ambient Intelligence will offer intelligent services based on techniques such as automatic learning, language, gesture and even mood recognition, adaptable and intelligent
interfaces, etc. These techniques, though currently in active development, still need to be improved and adapted to the requirements of this new discipline.

The European Union has made a special effort in defining the technological objectives of AmI and in focusing R&D workforces in order to meet AmI goals. The EU has also managed to transmit the AmI concept through the description of a series of theoretical scenarios which show how Ambient Intelligence can bring advanced services to people.

In the European Union, AmI objectives have been established through a number of reports and calls for projects. Although there has been a great deal of progress in the field, the feasibility of the proposed goals is open to question. Now might be a good time to analyse the AmI outlook, the progress made, and the work yet to be done. Any analysis of AmI requires a critical approach which will pinpoint past errors and help avoid future frustrations.

This monographic issue on Ambient Intelligence aims to provide an overview of the discipline, introducing the scope of application, the system support required, and the new concepts created around it.

Firstly, an introductory paper authored by the guest editors presents the motivations that they believe may lead to a world of AmI systems, together with a description of the historical evolution of the supporting technology and the problems to be solved. The reader will also find some basic bibliographical references.

Next, Xavier Alamán-Roldán, Francisco Ballesteros-Cámara, José Bravo-Rodríguez, and Diego Fernandez-Aparicio, of the universities Autónoma de Madrid, Rey Juan Carlos, and de Castilla La Mancha, describe several examples of projects for home-oriented AmI environments currently being carried out in Spain. Since these developments use current technologies, they could become a reality in the near future.

The telecommunication company’s point of view is introduced by Rodrigo González-Martínez, from Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo (TID or Telefonica R&D). The paper describes the business opportunities for a telecommunications provider in the AmI area. The technologies to be enabled by the telecommunication provider are described in the context of the Digital Home. TID’s contribution through European projects is also referred to.

Zigor Salvador-Artola and several authors from the universities of the Basque Country, Seville, and Zaragoza focus on heterogeneity and how to deal with the concomitant complexity through a middleware abstraction layer that enables a unified representation of context. They also analyse the state-of-the-art in technologies for the acquisition of contextual information, in particular location technologies and sensor networks.

The development of intelligent environments is dealt with by Erwin Aitenbichler, Fernando Lyardet, and Max Mühlhäuser of the University of Darmstadt (Germany). In their paper, within the scope of the project Mundo, they present a software development process including common services and tools for the systematic development of applications for intelligent environments.

Artur Lugmayr, of the University of Technology of Tampere (Finland), introduces the concept of Ambient Media as an evolution of the classic communication media in a world of ubiquitous technology.

Finally, Mirko Fetter and Tom Gross of the Bauhaus-University of Weimar (Germany) discuss the design of concepts and systems for Ambient Intelligence. They identify three fundamental dimensions in the AmI scenarios: space, time, and connections between users. These dimensions and the interactions between them are analysed with a view to drawing conclusions of practical interest for the design of AmI systems.

We hope that this monograph on the current state of Ambient Intelligence will provide useful information to readers coming into contact with AmI for the first time, and that it will also help open up a space for discussion among readers already familiar with the field.


Useful References on Ambient Intelligence

In addition to the references and sources mentioned in the articles of this issue, interested readers may like to take a look at the following books, papers, journals, etc.

Books
  • T. Basten, M. Geilen, H. de Groot (Eds.). Ambient Intelligence: Impact on Embedded System Design. 2004. ISBN: 978-1-4020-7668-8.
  • J. Bravo (Ed.). Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence. UCLM Publisher, 2006. ISBN: 84-6901744-6.
  • J. Bravo, X. Alamán (Eds.). Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence. Thomson, 2005. ISBN: 84-9732-442-0.
  • Y. Cai (Ed.). Ambient Intelligence for Scientific Discovery. Foundations, Theories, and Systems. LNAI 3345 Springer, 2005.
  • Y. Cai, J. Abascal (Eds.). Ambient Intelligence in Everyday Life. LNCS 3864. Springer Berlin/Heidelberg, 2006. ISBN: 978-3-540-37785-6.
  • S. Marzano, E. Aarts (Eds.). The New Everyday View on Ambient Intelligence. Philips Design, 2003. ISBN 978 90 6450 502 7 (Out of print).
  • P. Remagnino, G.L. Foresti, T. Ellis (Eds.). Ambient Intelligence. A Novel Paradigm. Springer, 2005. ISBN: 978-0-387-22990-4.
  • G. Riva, F. Vatalaro, F. Davide, M. Alcañiz (Eds.). Ambient Intelligence: The Evolution of Technology, Communication and Cognition Towards the Future of Human-Computer Interaction. O C S L Press, 2005. ISBN-10: 1586034901. Downloadable version at: <http://www. emerging communication.com/volume6.html>.
  • A. Vasilakos, W. Pedrycz (Eds.). Ambient Intelligence, Wireless Networking and Ubiquitous Computing. Artech House Publishers, 2006. ISBN: 1580539637.
  • W. Weber, J.M. Rabaey, E. Aarts. Ambient Intelligence. Springer, 2005. ISBN 3540238670.
Papers and Reports
  • Y. Cai (Ed.). Ambient intelligence: From interaction to insight. Special issue of the Int. Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 2007. Vol. 65, Issue 5, pp. 419-478.
  • K. Ducatel, M. Bogdanowicz, F. Scapolo, J. Leijten, J.C. Burgelma. ISTAG: Scenarios for ambient intelligence in 2010. ISTAG 2001 Final Report.
  • M. Friedewald, O. da Costa. Science and technology roadmapping: Ambient intelligence in everyday life. JRC/IPTS-ESTO Study, 2003. <http://www.cybertherapy. info/pages/AmIReportFinal.pdf>.
  • M. Lindwer, D. Marculescu, T. Basten, R. Zimmermann, R. Marculescu, S. Jung, E. Cantatore. Ambient Intelligence Visions and Achievements: Linking Abstract Ideas to Real-World Concepts. Procs. of the Conf. on Design, Automation and Test in Europe Vol. I, 2003.
  • N. Shadbolt. Ambient Intelligence. IEEE Intelligent Systems. Vol. 18, No. 4, 2003..
URLs
  • Documents on AmI by Philips: <http://www.research.philips.com/technologies/digsoc/index.html#ambintel>.
  • AmI applications in Health Care: <http://www.ambientintelligence.org/>.
  • The aware home: intelligent home by Georgia Tech: <http://www.cc.gatech.edu/fce/ahri>.
  • MIT’s Oxygen Project on person-oriented ubiquitous computing: <http://oxygen.lcs.mit.edu/Overview.html>.
Events
  • European Conference on Ambient Intelligence. Two editions: Smart Objects & Ambient Intelligence, Oct 05, Grenoble, France, and AmI’07, Nov 07, Darmstadt, Germany A joint conference from two series of previous conferences: the Conference on Smart Objects (sOc) organized in 2001 and 2003 by France Telecom and CNRS in Grenoble, and the European Symposium on Ambient Intelligence (EUSAI) organized in 2003 and 2004 in Eindhoven by Philips and the University of Eindhoven.
  • UCAmI International Symposium on Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence. Two editions: Sept 07, Zaragoza, and Sept 05, Granada.
  • IE 07. 3rd IET International Conference on Intelligent Environments, Ulm (Germany), Sep 07 <http://www.uni-ulm.de/ie07/>. IE05 was held in Essex, and IE06 was held in Athens.
  • Ambi-sys 2008. First International Conference on Ambient Media and Systems. Quebec (Canada), feb/08.
  • USW2005. The First International Workshop on Ubiquitous Smart Worlds. Tamkang University, Taipei, March/2005 <http://www.takilab.k.dendai.ac.jp/conf/usw/2005/>.
  • AmI.d. Ambient Intelligence Developments. Two editions: sept/06 y sept/07, Sophia-Antipolis. <http://www.strategiestm.com/conferences/amid/07/index.htm>.
  • Conference on Safeguards in a World of Ambient Intelligence. Organized by the European project SWAMI. Brussels, Mar 06.
Basic Glossary
  • Ubiquitous computing (pervasive computing). A type of distributed computing in which computing resources are not explicitly located or previously determined. A ubiquitous system provides the mechanisms to meet application requirements flexibly according to resource availability at a given time within the execution environment.
  • Context information. Logical representation of the knowledge that a system has about its own state.
  • Context awareness. Ability of a system or application to automatically integrate environment information in its own behaviour.
  • Proactivity. Ability of a system to anticipate answers to foreseeable requests.
  • Seamless integration. Ability of a system to integrate and switch heterogeneous components transparently to the application.
  • Intelligent environment (smart space, active space). A physical space where the available resources are integrated to execute applications that interact with
    the people in the environment in a way that is deemed smart or intelligent.
  • Ambient Intelligence (AmI). A category of applications which exhibit context awareness and proactivity and which interact with people in a natural
    way to offer highly advanced services.

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Last updated on December 20th, 2007 by the Editorial Team of Upgrade

Copyright © CEPIS 2007. All rights reserved unless otherwise stated.